Yes, in both SD and HD with either the AJA XENA cards or the Blackmagic Decklink cards. Look under Options/Preferences/Preview device in Vegas and you will see the AJA card as a selection. For XENA, check out:
http://www.aja.com/products/xena/
Another possible option that that should work with Vegas is the new MXO2 Mini. Would be much more space efficient on storage than uncompressed but still give you good quality in SD or HD. It uses the Matrox I-Frame MPEG2 codec with up to 50mbit in SD and 300mbit in HD. It can also do uncompressed. For Matrox MXO2 Mini, check out:
http://www.matrox.com/video/en/products/mxo2_mini/
Familiar with the AJA workflow, it's good, but I think the new Matrox offering is going to offer good $$$ value as well.
Chris Young
CYV Productions
Sydney